Role Play Exercise

Scenarios – Assume that Asian is a new hired outdoor sales executive for company Lennox Design which provide one stop solution for T-shirt and Uniforms supply. We get an Introduction from our existing customer who name Ms Eng that her friend Ms Learn factory have a sports day event by next two month. Now Asian had appointment with the purchases In-charge person Ms Elm, try to approach her to purchases our product to her event uniform.Asian:† Hi Ms Limit, I am Asian from Lennox Design, nice to meet you (Handing business card and a company prepared free gift t-shirt to Ms Limit), You friend Ms Eng introducing me that you are interested to order t-shirt for your company sports day event by the next two month. † Ms Limit:† Hello Mr. Asian, nice to meet you too (opening the t-shirt plastic) Woo, nice design for this t-shirt, it is free to me? Asian:† Yup, this t- shirt special deserve to you for free and this t-shirt is design from my company, you may see th e quality for our product too. † Ms Limit:† Thanks you, I like it very much.Well, we haven't made decision for the t-shirt use at the day of events, but we had no much Idea for choosing the new t-shirt, any suggestion Mr.. Asian? † Asian:† Yes, May I now how many pieces t-shirt and the budget for per pieces t-shirt you wish to order in this activity? Ms Elm:† Meme†¦ Elf consider the previous events experience, we need around 500-600 pieces red color plain t-shirt with my company logo and my company have enhance the budget for this events to have a better benefit to our staff, we were set the T-shirt budget in ARMY per pieces.Asian, you are welcome. Here is the deposit ROOM ( pass the money to Asian ), and can I know when can get my t-shirt? † Asian:† Well, normally after confirm the artwork, mass production will take reworking days to process the order. Please do not hesitate to call me if Ms Limit have question for the t-shirt and souv enir, we are the company which specialist in supply souvenir and t-shirt, I wish that you company can give me more chance to serve you in the future. † Ms Limit:† Mr.. Asian, you are modest and see you. (shake hand with Asian) Asian:† See you Ms Limit, Bye. â€Å"

Modernization Theory

MODERNIZATION THEORY Introduction: Modernization is an inherently optimistic concept for it assumes that all countries eventually experience economic growth. This optimistic must be understood in the historical context of post war prosperity and growth in the north and independence of many southern colonies along with the growth of national markets and trades. The theory of modernization turns out into the high mass consumption and urbanization. The theory of economic growth is an alternative to Marxist theory. Meaning and history of modernization theory: Modernization theory is a collection of perspective which, while at their most intellectually influential in the 1950s and 1960s. Along with the growth of national markets, made nineteenth century capitalists much more effective and ambitious than any of other forebears; hence the so-called ‘industrial revolution’. Definition of modernization: 1. Modernization theory is the theory used to summarize modern transformations of social life. 2. Historically modernization is the process of change towards those types of social, economic, and political systems that have developed in the Western Europe. Eisenstadt-1966) Theoretical origins of modernization: The theory of modernization has its roots in the ideas of some scholars they produced different theories about the origins, characters, and future path of modern industrial society. Which we can now examine closely: Emile Durkheim: Durkheim proposes that there are two types of society ‘traditional’ and ‘mode rn’ society, which have different forms of social cohesion between their members. The people of the traditional society perform the limited tasks of a simple agrarian community based on group of families and clan in village settlements. Each group though a similar to all others thinks, believes and life styles are relatively self-contained. Its members perform all the required rules of farming, childrearing, social control defiance and so on. Each group is then a sort of segment, a discreet unit in a large society; hence durkheim also called this a ‘segmental’ society. The traditional society is contrasted with the modern society- in whichever increasing numbers and density of the 0f the population. This leads to a more people competing for relatively scarce resources. When competition becomes the fiercest, a social resolution to these problems had to emerge and this creates a gradual increase in social division of labor. Social differentiation occurs as a specialized institution are formed by people to deal with particular need of society such as religious, economic, political, educational and so on. The modern society is more cultured and less rigid and allows more scope for individual frustrations and happiness. Durkheim called this society â€Å"organic society’. Max weber: max weber sought to explain the emergence of industrialization, though he focused his attention on answering why capitalist manufacturing became dominate only in the economy of western. The basic explanation for this occurrence was the existence of cultural processes namely rationalization. Weber suggested this was not an easy or natural form of behavior; one of the important factors that promoted this work ‘ethic’ was according to weber not economic but religious. His beliefs that as western society has developed, more and more of its members act in ways that are guided by the principals of rationality and less by custom of tradition. He sees the coming of the modern era as sciatic birth of individual as a relatively free agent not about by rigid. Walt whitman Rostow: rostow illustrates the concept of modernization per excellence. in his work on economic growth (rostow-1960a; 1960b) the form of growth experience in north are taken as a model for the rest of the world, while economic are situated at different stages of development all are assumed be moving to the same direction. Traditional society is poor, irrational and rural. The take off stage requires a leap forward, based on technology and high levels of investment; preconditions for this the development of the infrastructure, manufacturing and effective government. After this the societies reach a stage of self-sustaining growth, in its mature stage technology pervades the whole economy leading to ‘the high mass consumption, high productivity and high levels of urbanization. This feature includes prenewtonian science and technology. All this typically takes 20 years and rostow attempts to date actual take off of those countries, which have experienced them. (1783-1803) For Britain which was the first followed amongst others, USA (1890-1940), Japan (1878-1900), Russia (1890-1914) and India, china (1950 onwards). Modernization: Modernization was prompted by the decline of the old colonial empires. The third world became a focused of attention by politicians who were keen to show countries pushing for independence that sustain development was possible under the western wings or modernization theory. Trumans speech embodies this initial optimism. Modernization can be described as optimistic because it presents development as a easy process enduring under development is explained in terms of obstacles. Paolo Friers suggests people need to develop political consciousness and the rout to this is though pedagogic techniques of empowerment. Learner(1964) explains the from traditional to modern. Be beliefs that ‘Transitional society’ a society which has the process of cultural diffusion from more advanced sector of the world; been exposed to modernity. For learner the traditional society a society that has defined by what it wants to become, it is empathetic society. Lear said that ‘traditional society’ is not participant; it deploys people by kinship into communities isolated from each other and from a center the bands of interdependence people horizons are limited by local (1964, p-50). In the 1940s and 1950s was the only realistic way for LDC to industrialize. In general then for learner the mare a society exhibits empathy the more it will be engaged in the process of modernization and more likely is be modern. There is a clear mixture of sociological, psychological and economic feature to modernization theory, including for example, reference to value systems, individual motivation and capital accumulation. The critique of modernization theory: There are cultural and intellectual rejections of modernity. The boundaries between low and high culture are broken down. Intellectually post modernism involves and of the dominance of the unitary theories of progress and belief in scientific rationality. Modernization theory has not survived intact as viable paradigms for understanding change and transformation or process of poverty inequality. The theory cannot realistically explain the problem of global inequity and poverty. The principal term of the theory the traditional and the modern are much too vague to be of much use on classification of distinct skeptics. The two terms do not give the way indication of the great variety of society there have and do exist. Although the theory is supposed to be the way of society develops. There is little explanation offered for this problem. This is a serious weakness. Industrialized modern and its attendant’s urbanization weaker the wider kinship system as the people become primarily concern with the nuclear family (will’s 1977). Modernization completely undermines the values of extended family ties (penn-1986). It also derived from salvation among Protestants on important contributory factor in the rise of rational capitalism. The most forceful criticism of modernization theory is that it entirely ignores the impact of imperialism on third world countries. This is a staggering omission. Conclusion: Modernization deals with social change from agrarian societies to industrial ones, it is important to look at the technological viewpoint. New technologies do not change societies by it. Most accounts give greatest priority to the role played by the values, norms and beliefs of people in determining the sort of society – traditional or modern- that they create and thus value changes are the most important conditions for social change. Modernization Theory MODERNIZATION THEORY Introduction: Modernization is an inherently optimistic concept for it assumes that all countries eventually experience economic growth. This optimistic must be understood in the historical context of post war prosperity and growth in the north and independence of many southern colonies along with the growth of national markets and trades. The theory of modernization turns out into the high mass consumption and urbanization. The theory of economic growth is an alternative to Marxist theory. Meaning and history of modernization theory: Modernization theory is a collection of perspective which, while at their most intellectually influential in the 1950s and 1960s. Along with the growth of national markets, made nineteenth century capitalists much more effective and ambitious than any of other forebears; hence the so-called ‘industrial revolution’. Definition of modernization: 1. Modernization theory is the theory used to summarize modern transformations of social life. 2. Historically modernization is the process of change towards those types of social, economic, and political systems that have developed in the Western Europe. Eisenstadt-1966) Theoretical origins of modernization: The theory of modernization has its roots in the ideas of some scholars they produced different theories about the origins, characters, and future path of modern industrial society. Which we can now examine closely: Emile Durkheim: Durkheim proposes that there are two types of society ‘traditional’ and ‘mode rn’ society, which have different forms of social cohesion between their members. The people of the traditional society perform the limited tasks of a simple agrarian community based on group of families and clan in village settlements. Each group though a similar to all others thinks, believes and life styles are relatively self-contained. Its members perform all the required rules of farming, childrearing, social control defiance and so on. Each group is then a sort of segment, a discreet unit in a large society; hence durkheim also called this a ‘segmental’ society. The traditional society is contrasted with the modern society- in whichever increasing numbers and density of the 0f the population. This leads to a more people competing for relatively scarce resources. When competition becomes the fiercest, a social resolution to these problems had to emerge and this creates a gradual increase in social division of labor. Social differentiation occurs as a specialized institution are formed by people to deal with particular need of society such as religious, economic, political, educational and so on. The modern society is more cultured and less rigid and allows more scope for individual frustrations and happiness. Durkheim called this society â€Å"organic society’. Max weber: max weber sought to explain the emergence of industrialization, though he focused his attention on answering why capitalist manufacturing became dominate only in the economy of western. The basic explanation for this occurrence was the existence of cultural processes namely rationalization. Weber suggested this was not an easy or natural form of behavior; one of the important factors that promoted this work ‘ethic’ was according to weber not economic but religious. His beliefs that as western society has developed, more and more of its members act in ways that are guided by the principals of rationality and less by custom of tradition. He sees the coming of the modern era as sciatic birth of individual as a relatively free agent not about by rigid. Walt whitman Rostow: rostow illustrates the concept of modernization per excellence. in his work on economic growth (rostow-1960a; 1960b) the form of growth experience in north are taken as a model for the rest of the world, while economic are situated at different stages of development all are assumed be moving to the same direction. Traditional society is poor, irrational and rural. The take off stage requires a leap forward, based on technology and high levels of investment; preconditions for this the development of the infrastructure, manufacturing and effective government. After this the societies reach a stage of self-sustaining growth, in its mature stage technology pervades the whole economy leading to ‘the high mass consumption, high productivity and high levels of urbanization. This feature includes prenewtonian science and technology. All this typically takes 20 years and rostow attempts to date actual take off of those countries, which have experienced them. (1783-1803) For Britain which was the first followed amongst others, USA (1890-1940), Japan (1878-1900), Russia (1890-1914) and India, china (1950 onwards). Modernization: Modernization was prompted by the decline of the old colonial empires. The third world became a focused of attention by politicians who were keen to show countries pushing for independence that sustain development was possible under the western wings or modernization theory. Trumans speech embodies this initial optimism. Modernization can be described as optimistic because it presents development as a easy process enduring under development is explained in terms of obstacles. Paolo Friers suggests people need to develop political consciousness and the rout to this is though pedagogic techniques of empowerment. Learner(1964) explains the from traditional to modern. Be beliefs that ‘Transitional society’ a society which has the process of cultural diffusion from more advanced sector of the world; been exposed to modernity. For learner the traditional society a society that has defined by what it wants to become, it is empathetic society. Lear said that ‘traditional society’ is not participant; it deploys people by kinship into communities isolated from each other and from a center the bands of interdependence people horizons are limited by local (1964, p-50). In the 1940s and 1950s was the only realistic way for LDC to industrialize. In general then for learner the mare a society exhibits empathy the more it will be engaged in the process of modernization and more likely is be modern. There is a clear mixture of sociological, psychological and economic feature to modernization theory, including for example, reference to value systems, individual motivation and capital accumulation. The critique of modernization theory: There are cultural and intellectual rejections of modernity. The boundaries between low and high culture are broken down. Intellectually post modernism involves and of the dominance of the unitary theories of progress and belief in scientific rationality. Modernization theory has not survived intact as viable paradigms for understanding change and transformation or process of poverty inequality. The theory cannot realistically explain the problem of global inequity and poverty. The principal term of the theory the traditional and the modern are much too vague to be of much use on classification of distinct skeptics. The two terms do not give the way indication of the great variety of society there have and do exist. Although the theory is supposed to be the way of society develops. There is little explanation offered for this problem. This is a serious weakness. Industrialized modern and its attendant’s urbanization weaker the wider kinship system as the people become primarily concern with the nuclear family (will’s 1977). Modernization completely undermines the values of extended family ties (penn-1986). It also derived from salvation among Protestants on important contributory factor in the rise of rational capitalism. The most forceful criticism of modernization theory is that it entirely ignores the impact of imperialism on third world countries. This is a staggering omission. Conclusion: Modernization deals with social change from agrarian societies to industrial ones, it is important to look at the technological viewpoint. New technologies do not change societies by it. Most accounts give greatest priority to the role played by the values, norms and beliefs of people in determining the sort of society – traditional or modern- that they create and thus value changes are the most important conditions for social change.

CHuman Performane Improvement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CHuman Performane Improvement - Essay Example HPT is a combination of three main processes. These processes are: performance analysis, cause analysis, and intervention selection. Performance analysis, which is the first stage of the HPT involves comparing the performance that the program wishes to create and the performance as it is at the moment. This can be summarized as the process through which the performance that is desired is compared to the performance that is being experienced at the moment. As a result the analysts are supposed to come up with the performance gap. During the process of analyzing the performance it is always important to consider the goals of an individual, group, or organization. There should also be consideration of the environmental context in which the job will be done. The most important aspects to be considered during the analysis are the work that is supposed to be performed, the environment in which it is supposed to be performed, and the individuals who are supposed to do the work. Despite the fact that there might be a slight difference in the terms used, there is a common agreement that the presence of performance gap can be attributed to the work, environment of working, and the individuals doing the work. Different individual usually has different characteristics, what needs to be improved in one individual might not be what should be improved in another. Therefore, the people involved in a Human Performance Technology are very important because they are the main contributors to the current performance. It is the collective attributes of workers in an organization or group that adds up to the performance of the organization or group. Workers are also of high importance to this process because they are the same people who are expected to bridge the performance gap. Their willingness to improve on their shortcomings and perfecting their strengths will be of high importance in improving their performance. The other

Issues in international business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Issues in international business - Essay Example Political stability would be ensured by abiding by the EUs political standards. Borders would finally be opened, reducing international barriers to the flow of goods and services, and products would now have access to all European markets. Tax policy changes would be controlled and property rights would be guaranteed, allowing foreign companies to invest on their soil, bringing jobs to the masses of unemployed. But there would be challenges ahead too. Would they be able to meet up to the standards expected of them Could they control the inflation rate Hold prices stable Grow GDP Avoid currency devaluation And minimize deficit No one had the answers, but certainly all ten of the new EU Member States were willing to try. Thus, their first step was to gather up their top economists to strategize. Optimal macroeconomic policies must be put into place as soon as possible to achieve the high standards expected as a new European nation. Each country would have their own strategy, but macroeconomic policies, in general, are adopted to avoid major economic upheavals, with the primary example being The Great Depression. These policies are set and controlled by a nation's government and central bank and include such challenges as stabilising the business cycle, facilitating long-term growth, reducing unemployment, controlling inflation and lowering the current account deficit (Parkin 534). Policy tools to achieve these goals are divided into two categories: fiscal policy and monetary policy. The powers of fiscal policy lie in the hands of the government which tries to influence the state of the economy by such measures as changing tax rates, and altering government spending and debt. On the other hand, monetary policy is steered by the central banks, which are able to adjust interest rates and alter the amount of money in circulation. These are the tools which have been used in a myriad of scenarios by the ten Member S tates inducted into the EU on 1 May 2004. Their actions have been made in an attempt to maintain a stable economy, allowing GDP to grow, deficit to decline and all the while keeping an eye on the golden ring, that is, to adopt the euro as their trading currency. In order to evaluate success of the governments and central banks of the ten new EU countries, one must first set a standard of measure. In other words, what are the goals to be met Is there a particular timeline set for these goals And then ask, how far along have they come in achieving these goals As previously mentioned, one of the major goals for the new countries is to adopt the euro as their own currency. Unlike Denmark and the United Kingdom, the new EU Member States would not have the option of voting out the single currency; but none would have chosen to anyway. Adopting the euro would probably do more alone in the first year towards achieving economic stabilization for these countries than any of the macroeconomic policies described could do in ten years. The euro essentially removes the previous risks involved with currency exchange rates and hedges against sudden inflationary impacts (Frequently Asked QuestionsECB). This results in lowering the interest rates and allows for price stability. However, to protect the current nations utilizing the euro from devaluation, the new EU Member States must be truly ready to adopt the new currency. This readiness is assessed by certain factors called the Maastricht convergence criteria established in

A Human Character to the Corporation From a Moral Perspective Research Paper

A Human Character to the Corporation From a Moral Perspective - Research Paper Example Corporations law and partnership law are currently separate. However, current amendments to the Partnership Act of 1892 (NSW) have made provision for LLP and ILPs, with the facility of limited liability being extended in these cases to promote innovation and risk-taking. While this could address the limited use of partnerships due to their inability to restrict liability5, it also allows for benefits to be gleaned by foreign investors and large entrepreneurs, promoting a capitalistic structure that may not necessarily be beneficial to Australian interests. If the limited liability benefits of a corporation are to be extended to small partnership like arrangements of a few Directors who also share profits among themselves as in the Ebrahimi case, then the taxation laws must be amended 6 and the Partnership Act of New South Wales must be amended to permit such business to take advantage of tax reforms. This will enable issues of fairness and equity of a partnership where partners/inves tors owe each other a duty of good faith to co-exist successfully with the limited liability of corporations. The purpose of including disclosure through prospectuses for securities was mainly (a) to protect investors from underlying risks (b) enhance the efficiency of the securities market and (c) prevent fraud. Ruth Hines discovered that although the financial statements that are a part of such reports are considered vital, only those experienced in accounting were able to understand them sufficiently to make their decisions on the basis of those reports.

_________________ Millennials Say Marriage Ideal but Parenthood the Essay

_________________ Millennials Say Marriage Ideal but Parenthood the Priority, written by Jason Hanna and published on the CNN - Essay Example The article ends by stating that the changing environment, meaning economic, has also helped to change the current culture with respect to how marriage is viewed among Millenials as well as others. While completing an education is a high priority still, finding a good job and establishing oneself has also become almost a requirement prior to considering marriage or child bearing. Essay: Although the above article has very good points and key insights into the generation known as the Millenials, it is however somewhat deceiving as to the true trends that are being represented. Furthermore, when articles such as the one above are published it is always necessary to consider by whom, when, why, and to what end. In this way, this brief response essay will help to consider but a few of these as well as to provide some key reading insights that this author gained from analyzing the above article. Firstly, a common trend in journalism is to create stories where none would otherwise exist. I t is a well known fact that in order to sell journalism must convince the readership/viewership that ideas, cultures, and individuals are changing. Imagine a world in which a newspaper or a television news program reported that absolutely nothing new or interesting was taking place. Of course the idea seems ludicrous. Similarly, one of the primary mechanisms which the media uses to engage the attention of the viewership/readership is to convince them that a fundamental shift is taking place at each and every moment of the day. The above article is not dissimilar to such a tactic in that it has all of the tell tale makers of sensationalist journalism. Firstly, one group is compared to another. Secondly a level of statistical analysis is used. Thirdly, it is determined that based upon the statistical analysis, it is indeed measurable that the current generation does not value traditional morality to the same extent that the previous one did. Although there may be a grain of truth to s ome of the information that the study and proceeding article related, the fact of the matter is that it follows all too similar a pattern with reference to attempting to sell advertising space by playing off the emotions of a concerning citizenry. An additional point of interest is the fact that the article opens by citing â€Å"a new study† and then goes on for some length before admitting that the PEW Research Center was indeed the group that put out such a study. This is not important to the average reader. However, the fact of the matter is that centers such as the PEW Research Center are able to make the lion’s share of their profits by churning out untenable study after untenable study. Most of these are sold to political think tanks and picked up by the media. Accordingly, for each political point of view or journalist, there is a corresponding statistic that can work to tell one particular side of the story. Yet a further flaw of logic and scholarship is refere nced in the fact that the journalist refers to the fact that Gen-X placed a higher emphasis on marriage than did the Millenials based on a similar survey (Hanna 1). One would expect that the survey would have been conducted at the very least by the same group (the PEW

Prevention of Financial Frauds Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Prevention of Financial Frauds - Research Paper Example The paper also discusses about the types of financial frauds according to their nature; inclusive frauds and exclusive frauds. There are two types of frauds according to the people involved in the fraud and these two types are internal frauds and external frauds. Besides defining these frauds, the paper explains how such frauds can be prevented. The paper also focuses on one of the biggest financial scandals; Enron and it explains how the management of Enron was successful in their fraudulent activities. It also highlights the impact of Enron’s case on the overall economy. INTRODUCTION Financial frauds are widely perceived to be deliberately made criminal acts that seriously violate civil law while based on financial transactions and meant to attain myriad personal benefits. For the last so many years, auditors and financial analysts have been emphasizing to eliminate the financial frauds and for this purpose there have been many research conducted on this given topic. With the passage of time and as more and more financial frauds have emerged, the need to fight against these financial frauds have increased enormously and people of all ages have to face consequences of such financial frauds.In criminal law, the word fraud is defined as a planned and calculated deception which is made for some kind of personal gain or to damage another individual. On the other hand, financial frauds mean frauds that occur particularly in the financial statements or financial documents of the company like balance sheet, income statement etc in order to manipulate the financial streng th of the company. Financial Frauds can be planned on a large scale which might have an impact on the overall industry or economy of the country and there might be financial frauds which might not be as large but these frauds would weaken the financial stability of an organization. Both these types of frauds have become a serious issue for everyone who is involved with the organization either directly or indirectly. Since financial frauds could affect the economy and organizations and everyone who is involved with the organization therefore it is critical to stop such financial crimes and to prevent such financial frauds there have been several techniques, tools, applications and methods developed by auditors and financial analysts from all over the world and still more research is being done on the topic (Singleton, & Singleton, 2010). LITERATURE REVIEW It is important for the organization and employees of the organization who are responsible for handling and managing of important and sensitive documents to keep these documents in safe and do not let anyone to have access to such documents as one of the ways through which financial frauds can occur is to have access to such sensitive information. A layered security approach and effective tools are required to handle this dramatic emergency of felonious financial frauds and by controlling who first receives sensitive documents like bank statements, small organizations can prevent financial fraud occurrence (CBIA News, 2007). Financial information of a corporation is used by investors in order to evaluate the company’s progress and growth and its profitability as well as in order to predict the future profitability of the organization. Thus, these financial statements are used by investors to make decision whether they should invest in the company or not. Therefore, one of the greatest risks faced by investors is that the financial sta

The Virgin Group of Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Virgin Group of Companies - Essay Example The Virgin Group of Companies has managed to grow over the years from being a simple student magazine to mail order music retailer to one of the easily recognizable global brand names today. Despite its size, it has remained an entrepreneurial company that values innovation and risk-taking whenever an opportunity exists and wherever a market beckons. Contrary to what most business experts would opine, it has benefited from the diversity of its business lines by using synergies between related industries. Becoming a conglomerate did not make the Virgin Group lose its small business mindset which is to take calculated risks after conducting a rigorous market study on its prospective investments. Further, this small firm mentality translates into not only a constant search for innovative ideas but also to some powerful business drivers like employee empowerment and customer feedback. All of this is due to the fact Sir Richard Branson maintains a hands-on approach to management, reflecte d in its thin management layer, a tiny corporate board and an even tinier corporate offices. Besides having a somewhat unique business name, this group thrived on the concept of working harder to exploit certain market distortions, customer dissatisfaction and decidedly calculated risk taking. Its diverse businesses is a source of its strength, contrary to what some experts say. Having a maverick chief executive with a penchant for publicity stunts is a big help but that is not the only success factor. The diversity of its business areas allowed for synergies to be derived from related companies and nowhere is this shown concretely than in the case of Virgin Holidays in relation to Virgin Atlantic Airways. It basically catered to the same market segment – people who took flights from London to either New York or Miami. The global travel industry can be characterized as an oligopoly where a few market players control a big size of the industry. This is known in economic theory as C4 where the top four firms control 60% or more of an industrys total sales.  

All I really need to know I Learned in Kindergarten Essay Example for Free

All I really need to know I Learned in Kindergarten Essay I can remember my mother telling me for a few weeks before the first day how wonderful school was going to be and how I would meet loads of new friends. She also told me that the other kids are going to be scared just like I was. Turning five years old, and knowing that it was time for me to begin school already, was really very scary. The thought of waking up early and going to school and not being with my mom all morning made me feel sick to my stomach, but I just had to suck it up and go. The first day of kindergarten I was sad but also excited at the same time because I was going to meet new friends and I was going to get to play with them during recess. I remember walking into school with my new back pack; they were the ones that had to two little wheels on it so you wouldnt have to carry it. As I was getting dropped off and hearing my mom telling me bye I started to cry. Being really close to my mom I didnt want her to leave me there all alone. So we walked in together and she told me that I was going to be all right. My mom and my new teacher, Mrs. Fossum were having a hard time getting me to stay there. After they saw that I wouldnt stay, my mom had to stay there with me thru out that whole day. As the first day went on I was making a bunch of friends with my new classmates. When the second day came I wanted my mom to stay at school but I realized that she had to go to work. After she had left I saw a table that had some crayons and some paper on it, so I ventured over to it and stood by the seat watching to see if anyone was going to stop me from drawing. No one came so I took a seat, a piece of paper, and of course a blue coloring pencil just like the one I had at home and started to draw. When the other children saw that I was already hard at work with my drawing, which somewhat looked like a cow, they came and sat down with me. Even the child that didn’t want to leave his father noticed me and came over and started to draw. The little boy started to ask me questions and once he started then everyone started to include me into their group. I learned at a young age that I was not very comfortable meeting new people and doing thing on my own. My mother realized that Mitchell School system was too big of a school for my type of personality and that I do better when I don’t have to adapt to much change.

The Medicaid Preservation Act Essay Example for Free

The Medicaid Preservation Act Essay A legislative proposal that if passed by both the House and the Senate and approved by the President becomes law. There are several steps involved for a bill to become act. First the legislation is introduced in house then referred to committee and members from a conference will sort out and will be sent to president. On signing of the bill by president it becomes law (Government, 2008). This is the process of enactment of an act. The present paper is discussing about the Medicaid Preservation Act of 2005 bill. The purpose of the Medicaid Preservation Act of 2005 bill is to restrain Federal funding under the Mediciaid program until the recommendations of a bipartisan commission on Mediciaid is implemented. The bill was introduced in the house on November 3, 2005 and it was referred to subcommittee of health (Medicaid Preservation Act of 2005). The bill aims at the evaluation of the Medicaid act and the recommendations on cuttings or changes in the funding of the act. It is very difficult fort the expert policymakers at state and federal levels to balance the program and maintain it as critical safety net for the policyholders. The bill under 23 commission experts will be promoted through public meetings. Bill came to make sure the cutting planned by the government to cut around $ 60 billions in 10 years is a correct move without compromising the health care. The ways and means of the act should be appropriate and should not be arbitrary based on the budget numbers. (NAMI, February 18, 2005). Bipartisan Commission on Medicaid Bipartisan commission was established on Medicaid to make policy recommendations. The duties of the commission include Reviewing and making recommendations on †¢ Delineation of federal state roles responsibilities not to overlap the functions and on the coordination with the other programs. †¢ On major functional responsibilities 1. Source of coverage for low-income children, pregnant women some parents. 2. Source of coverage or assistance for low-income seniors individuals who lack medical care. As a whole the analysis will be on each recommendation focusing on †¢ Provider payment rates †¢ Coverage of items and services †¢ Beneficiary access to covered items and services †¢ Beneficiary out-of-pocket expenditures †¢ Federal and state expenditures †¢ Program administration †¢ Long term care †¢ Eligibility, benefits design and delivery The bipartisan commission in its report on Medicaid has a clear view on the policy obligations. The objectives of saving $ 11 billon over next five years were given focus. This will ensure longer sustainability of the Medicaid program. The overall expenditures on increased from $ 153 billion to $ 248 billion that means rise of 62 percent. (Medicaid commission, 1999). Anticipated effect of the bill Medicaid is one of the best health insurance policies providing benefits with half the rate of private insurance policies. Cutting the budget will lead to loss of jobs in the health care sector resulting the low payment for the medical care professionals. It will affect the health care centers that depend on the Medicaid. The cuttings should not be arbitrary budget-driven. (John D. Dingell, Max Baucus, 2005) Analysis of the recommendations The bipartisan commission in its report on Medicaid has a clear view on the policy obligations. The objectives of saving $ 11 billon over next five years were given focus. This will ensure longer sustainability of the Medicaid program. The overall expenditures on increased from $ 153 billion to $ 248 billion that means rise of 62 percent. (AMCHP fact sheet, 2005). Conclusion The Medicaid program is a helping hand to the low-income individuals in assuring them a quality health care in a developed country like USA. The recommendation of the HHS bipartisan commission should be carefully analyzed before enacting the act. There is need to have sustainable balance between the health programs and the budget plans then only the objective of social welfare will come true. Reference: Project vote smart, Government, 2008, http://www. votesmart. org/resource_govt101_02. php accessed Dec 4, 2008) 2. GovTrack. us. H. R. 4223109th Congress (2005): Medicaid Preservation Act of 2005, GovTrack. us (database of federal legislation) http://www. govtrack. us/congress/bill. xpd? bill=h109-4223 (accessed Dec 4, 2008)

Machiavelli The Prince Political Discourse Politics Essay

Machiavelli The Prince Political Discourse Politics Essay Niccolà ² Machiavelli an Italian who lived between (3 May 1469 21 June 1527). He was a great philosopher who combined philosophy with authoring (Dehsen, 1999). Niccolo Machiavelli is also considered one of the chief creators of the contemporary political science. Machiavelli The Prince is a political discourse written jointly by the Italian community servant and a political philosopher Niccolà ² Machiavelli. At first Machiavelli The Prince was known as De Principatibus or About Principalities. Machiavelli The Prince was first put in black and white way back in the year 1513. However, The Prince never was then published until the year 1532 (Anglo, 2005). This was exactly a period of five years subsequent to the death of Niccolo Machiavelli. The Prince was actually one of the primary works of contemporary philosophy. In modern philosophy unlike old theories emphases is placed on pragmatic ends and not just teleological concepts. The practical end is therefore the principal purpose for current philosophy. In fact among Niccolo Machiavellis writings, the treatise is the most bore in mind. Apparently, it is also the one in charge for getting Machiavellian into extensive use as a derogatory term. Machiavellis The Prince has made a great input into the account of political deliberation and offers the fundamental departure between political pragmatism and political impracticality. Niccolà ² Machiavellis The Prince duly exposits and illustrates the arts through which a ruler, the prince himself can sustain control of his territory (Roger Masters, 1996). It mainly gives attention to the new prince, beneath the presupposition that an inherited prince has no challenges on the throne, but rather an easier assignment in ruling. Machiavelli writes so since the subjects are quite accustomed to the prince. To hold on to power, the inherited prince is obliged to vigilantly uphold the socio-political establishments to which the subjects are used to; while a new-fangled prince has the extra complicated chore in ruling, given that he is taxed to foremost calm down his power so as to put up a lasting political structure (Roger Masters (1996). That task does require the new prince to be a ci vic stature whose repute and characters are beyond reproach. At the same time, the prince is required to secretly act amorally in order to accomplish the State set targets and goals. Very proper examples include the princes who to a large extent successfully acquire and retain power, obtain from his remarks as a Florentine ambassador, and his antique history interpretations; hence, the Latin terms and typical examples. Machiavellis The Prince promptly looks at the acquirement, upholding, as well as usage of political supremacy in the civilized world. As a matter of fact, Machiavelli put in writing The Prince to provide evidence his expertise in the skill of the country, giving guidance on the modalities that a prince can employ so as to obtain and at the same time keep power. In The Prince Machiavelli actually validated rule by force to a good extent than by law. As a result, The Prince appears to rationalize a number of actions done solely to perpetuate power. It is a classic study of power-its acquisition, expansion, and effective use. In the The Prince the prince never sends away morals, in lieu, it politically describes Morality as in the decisive factor for up to standard cruel exploit. It has got to be influential. It should actually bear such features as being quick, effective, and efficient as well as short-lived (Whelan, Frederick, 2004). Niccolo Machiavelli is quite aware and conscious of the quirk of fate of good outcomes emanating from wicked actions; in spite of some explanatory subject matter. In fact that is why the Catholic Church did prohibit The Prince. As a discourse, the primary scholastic input to the record of political thinking is really the elemental crack between political practicality and political impracticality (Whelan, Frederick, 2004). As a result, The Prince is actually an instruction booklet to get ones hands on and maintenance of the desirable political power. However, conventional idyllic society is not the sole aim of the princes eagerness to power. As a philosopher and a political scientist, Machiavelli does emphasize essential, logical exercise of boastful force punishment as well as recompense like patronage in order to safeguard and maintain the status quo. The opinion expanded on by Niccolo Machiavelli in The Prince might look as if it is tremendous even for the period of time in which they were authored. Nevertheless, the entire life of Machiavelli was used up in Florence. Then, there was an uninterrupted political conflict. For that reason, Machiavelli does emphasize for the needs for steadiness in the principality of the prince. The territory of the prince is at risk with regard to its preservation. The hypotheses articulated in The Prince expresses techniques that a would-be prince can use to attain the throne, or an existing prince can use to maintain his reign. According to Machiavelli, the supreme ethical good is a righteous and unwavering state, as well as dealings to look after the realm is for that reason warranted even if they seem are malicious. Machiavelli sturdily put forward, though, that the prince ought not to be loathed. He says, a wise prince should establish himself on that which is his own control and not in that of others; he must endeavor to avoid hatred, as is noted. (Constitution.org) Indeed in the opening discussion of The Prince, there is clear definition of effective and efficient methods of governing or controlling the subject in quite a number of sorts of principalities. For instance a newly attained versus hereditary acquired territories. In fact, Machiavelli does put in plain words to the reader, the Magnificent Lorenzo de Medici an associate of the Florentine Medici relations and honestly the best ways to obtain, sustain, and by extension defend a country. The schemes illustrated within bears the broad-spectrum theme of attaining needed trimmings by any possible means. Machiavelli spins to the ways a country can demonstrate aggression on the others terrains and/or defend itself. According to Machiavelli, the two most prominent and essential brass tacks for any stable nation, whether ancient or fresh, are ample laws and regulations and tough armed forces. An autonomous prince is that who can counters any adversary on the combat zone. However, a prince that depends entirely on buttresses or just on the assist of others and by annex stands on the protective is not self-reliant. If the prince cannot at all lift up a strong formidable defense force, other than relying on security, he is required to make stronger his city (Whelan, Frederick, 2004). Machiavelli firmly believes that a well-fortified city or territory is not likely to be hit, and if in any case it is attacked, nearly all armies will fail to withstand an unmitigated cordon or siege and subsequently withdraw or surrender. On the other hand, during a blockade a good prince will carry on the sp irits of his people as well as military high while getting rid of all dissidents. as a consequence, so long as the city or territory is appropriately safeguarded and by extension has adequate supplies for basic necessities, an astute prince can withstand and subdue any cordon. In The Prince, Machiavelli strongly argues and by extension stands in opposition to the usage of mercenaries to secure and defend territory. He believes firmly that the mercenaries are quite useless to any ruler who is worth his salt. He carries this since the mercenaries are considered as unlimitedly undisciplined, gutless, and further still possess limited or no loyalty at all. Moreover, Machiavelli sates that the mercenaries are in most situations being motivated merely by money and not that real urge to fight and even die for ones country. They really lack genuine loyalty and can grossly betray the course of a worthy conquerable fight. Machiavelli characterizes the weakness of the Italian municipality to their absolute reliance and trust on the disloyal mercenary armies (Sullivan, Vickie, 1996). In fact according to him, a prince should have a well recruited army whose loyalty is pocketed by the prince and extensively his subordinate. Machiavelli is completely convinced that hire armies in the name of mercenaries must not be depended upon by a state as this will jeopardize the live of the subjects. As a matter of addition, Machiavelli further cautions in opposition to using back up forces, rented troops or even those borrowed from close collaborator, for the simple reason that if they end up winning a battle, then the employer will subsequently be in their act of kindness and yet if they are defeated, the employer will totally be ruined and unable to command them. Such situation is quite dangerous as it imperils the states stability and it is the subjects who bear the brand. According to Machiavelli auxiliary forces in all cases are more perilous than even the mercenary armies since they are usually solidly united and managed by accomplished commanders who may perhaps turn against the employer who is the prince. They are normally difficult to tame and are at free end to the extent that they can go against the grain and claim the throne or cause a coup. In The Prince Machiavelli do observes that the most important apprehension for a ruler, the prince, should actually be battle, or to that effect preparation for the same. He says that war enables a heritable prince to keep up his power and/or an ordinary citizen to ascend to the throne and duly take control of a state. In that regard, Machiavelli promptly recommends that a prince have got to recurrently hunt or track in order to physically keep his body in shape and at the same time gain knowledge of the scenery which surrounds his sovereignty (Sullivan, Vickie, 1996).. The physical body robust and knowledge of the surrounding terrain are of essence to a prince. He claims that via this, the prince can preeminently become skilled and knowledgeable at how and when to secure and protect his territory and further press forward upon others similar if not the same. To Machiavelli, this is like killing two birds or more with a single stone. Machiavelli advances further that for a rational s trength, the prince is give a piece of advice to learn great military men like Alexander The Great in order to emulate their methodologies and achievements and further still steer clear of their mistakes (Sullivan, Vickie, 1996). He says that a prince who is adequately diligent in periods of peace and tranquility will be geared up in times of hardship. In fact, Machiavelli notes, thus, when fortune turns against him he will be prepared to resist it. In The Prince Machiavelli writes that when and if a prince ascends to the throne via luck and/or through the consents of powerful societal figures contained by a given regime, he actually has an trouble-free time attaining power. He cautions, however, that such acquired powers do offer the prince an enormous challenge to absolutely take control of the subjects and the army. He says that the prince will encounter hard time keeping the power thereafter, for the reason that his power is merely dependent on his backers benevolence which Machiavelli describes as a changeable thing at best. This is so because the ultimate prince will fail to command and acquire the absolute loyalty of the armies as well as officials he badly needs in order to stamp and uphold his authority (Sullivan, Vickie1996). Unfortunately, Machiavelli notes that these authorities if in any case such a prince assumes them then they can be withdrawn from him at any time and at a whim. In addition, Machiavelli states tha t since he ascended to the throne the effortless way, it is without certainty that such a leader has due necessary skills, knowledge or wisdom as well as strength to stand and position himself on his own feet as a leader. On the other hand, Machiavelli says that a prince who on his own rises by causing the downfall of the existing regime has a tough time getting higher. However, such a prince is able to rule with ease thereafter. Machiavelli hints that such a prince has sufficient guts to clear out and away his enemies. That he is also able to forge treaties on his own conditions and terms and by extension earns more recognition and respect. According to The Prince, improving an existing regime is actually one of the main treacherous and easier said than done things a ruler can do. Machiavelli writes that this is partly due to the fact that citizens are of course resistant by nature to change and /or reform, either sudden or gradual (Soll Jacob, 2005) . Partly there is enormous resistance since the beneficiaries of the old government will with all their strength resist passionately using the people and their resources. They will spread propaganda and intoxicate peoples mind. At the same time those who stand a chance or more to gain from any new regime will be of assistance to such a prince only half-heartedly. They will bear divide loyalty. This is for the most part due to the reformers lack of authenticity, and to some noticeable degree it is difficult for populace to readily believe and trust in an anticipated government that they have not practiced for themselves. What is more, it is obviously pragmatically not possib le for the leader (prince) to meet and deliver everyones glowingly huge prospects (Sullivan, Vickie 1996). . Without doubt, the prince will sadly let down some of his staunch supporters. Machiavelli in The Prince gives immediate solution to this. He says it is possible the prince counters this. All he needs to do in this case is for the prince to have the means and ways to oblige and compel his cohorts to maintain their support for him even at the time they begin having second opinions (Soll, Jacob, 2005). In such a situation in Machiavellis point of view it is only well armed diviners who thrive in getting necessary long lasting change. In the Prince, Machiavelli also mention regarding the behavior and conduct of the mighty prince particularly toward his subjects. Machiavelli states (Whelan, Frederick, 2004) : Men have imagined republics and principalities that never really existed at all. Yet the way men live is so far removed from the way they ought to live that anyone who abandons what is for what should be pursues his downfall rather than his preservation; for a man who strives after goodness in all his acts is sure to come to ruin, since there are so many men who are not good. In view of the fact that there are countless possible qualities and characters that a prince can be associated with and be said to enjoy, the prince has not to be exaggeratedly apprehensive regarding having wholly the good qualities. In addition, a prince may perhaps seem to be compassionate, kind, true to life, humanitarian, forthright, and even religious (Brian, 2001). A prince should only give such impression to have such qualities. They do not have to be authentically possessed by the prince. He just needs to give a hint of having, but not necessarily does he need to have them anyway. In The Prince, a prince can not strictly have such qualities and characters for the simple reason that at certain periods it is of essence for the prince to act against them for the good of all the subjects. Even though an awful repute ought to be evaded, it is not fundamental in smooth governance and maintaining power (Brian, 2001). The only ethic and moral that matters here are indeed one that is quite of assistance to the prince in particular when he is dealing with matters of concern to the state. Machiavelli emphatically declares in The Prince that dedications which are made in times of peace and tranquility are not always reserved in adversity. However, such devotion made in fright is reserved out of fright. And yet, a prince is tasked to guarantee that he is never dreaded to the level of hatred, which is quite possible.

Julius Caesar Essay -- essays research papers

Julius Caesar In William Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar, the literary element of the tragic hero is evident. In general, a tragic hero must meet several important qualifications. He must come from a good background and have high social status, he must have a tragic flaw that leads to his downfall, and this flaw must be punished either by death or banishment. In this portrayal of the history of the Roman Empire, Shakespeare explores the lives of Julius Caesar and his acquaintances. Though all of the characters are very important to the plot of the play, none of them obtain the characteristics of a tragic hero as Caesar does.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A major characteristic of a tragic hero is that he must come from a good background and obtain high social status. Julius Caesar fits both of these qualities. Not only is he the supreme ruler of Rome, but he is also a very wealthy and well-respected man as well. The people of Rome respect Caesar for several reasons. They admire him because he cares for Rome, he governs Rome, and he has made it a great empire. Caesar is sometimes referred to as a dictator for life by the Roman people. His army is also an awesome military force and is very capable of defending Rome as it displayed Pompey early in the play. The people’s love and respect for Caesar is evident when Caesar asks Mark Antony to touch Calphurnia to rid her of her barren curse. Antony responds to Caesar’s request by saying, â€Å"I shall remember. / When Caesar says ‘do ...

Use of Irony in A Tale of Two Cities :: Tale Two Cities Essays

Use of Irony in A Tale of Two Cities In A Tale of Two Cities, the author, Charles Dickens, uses a great deal of irony in the opening chapter to draw the reader into the story. By using a slew of contradictory statements in the opening paragraph, the author forces the reader to further investigate the meaning of the cryptic opening line: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times..." As the reader continues, he finds that the story is a dramatization of the circumstances surrounding London and Paris during the time period of the French Revolution. The historical record of the conditions of life in France and England during the French Revolution were identical to the ways they are described in the story. Life for the nobles or higher class people was exquisite, while the lower class was crawling in poverty. People were constantly being nagged by thieves and petty criminals, causing the state of life in those two countries to be especially unbalanced. To begin the story, the author uses a long paragraph almost perfectly describing life in Europe during the late 1700s. However, the paragraph consists of nothing but seemingly absurd statements about the "spring of hope" and the "winter of despair." By writing phrases such as ."..it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness...," the author brings an ironic feeling to the whole story. Of course, the seasons of Light and Darkness could never coincide, but in France and England's situation during the time period of the story, that is exactly what life is like for the people living there. Through the use of self-contradiction in the first chapter, readers are able to understand the plight of the countries of France and England in a darkly humorous way.

Goodnight Mr.Tom Review

Review of Goodnight Mr. Tom by Michelle Magorian Goodnight Mr. Tom is set in the midst of World War II and the German attacks of London. In the novel many children are sent away from England? s capital onto pacific places for protection. These children are called refugees and they are to stay in the houses of the inhabitants. This is then, the destiny of little William Beech who is sent to Little Wierwold to Tom Oakley, the man who shelters him. The child was being abused by his mother so he is very shy. Therefore, Mr. Oakley helps him confront his problems and Willie drastically changes.He starts to make friends like Zacharias Wrench, or Zach for short. They become best friends and have marvelous moments together. Afterwards, Williams’s mother asks for him to go back to London as she is sick. Beech? s mother really is insane and when they enter the house she says she has a surprise. The surprise was that Mrs. Beech has had a baby. He actually returns to the nightmare he lived before being a refugee, so Mr. Oakley foresees that Willie is passing a terrible time and rescues him from the tiny room in which Mrs.Beech has locked him up. Mr. Tom immediately buys train tickets for Little Wierwold and so, they returned to their home in this little town. Months later, Mrs. Beech commits suicide as a result of her loneliness and Mr. Tom caringly adopts William. The story ends when William? s best friend Zach dies because of a bomb. Will then confronts his friend? s death having both good and bad experiences, which helps him grow physically and mentally. The main characters of this novel are William Beech, Tom Oakley, Zacharias Wrench and Mrs. Beech.William Beech, at the beginning of the story is an apprehensive, emaciated boy who does not have any self-confidence and is very mistrusting. Although he is very different on the inside, Will founds this throughout the book. When Willie starts his life with Mr. Tom, he changes abruptly and transforms into a talkative a nd active little boy. He also discovers he is an excellent artist and makes drawing his favorite hobby. What I really appreciate about this character is that he emerged from being a shy child to a talkative one who loves socializing with others around him.Tom Oakley is also a very important character in this novel. Mr. Tom is at first a grouchy old man who is immerged in the four walls of his house but when Willie arrives to his life he transforms into a social, caring and loving man who supports Will in everything he needs. Tom was very depressed because his wife had died giving birth and soon after his son, William, also died. At first Mr. Oakley took this as a coincidence, assuming William was a common name in London. Although as the months went by he realizes it this is not just a coincidence but something much deeper.Fate had brought them together so that both Tom and Willie could cure the injuries and pains they had been absorbing and keeping inside themselves. Another very im portant and special character is Zacharias Wrench â€Å"Zack for short† as he says in the novel. This character is a boy about the same age as Willie, who is a very swinging boy who likes talking to everybody. As soon he sees someone nice he immediately approaches to the person and starts talking to it as if he knows it for a long time. Zach becomes Willie? s best friend and because of him William lets â€Å"escape the Zach from him†. Goodnight Mr.Tom is definitely an incredible story. I enjoyed it so much that I have read it two times. My favorite moment on the novel is the end because Willie has improved amazingly and says to Mr. Tom who is now his dad: â€Å"Dad, I? ve grown†. I find this particular moment very emotive because despite all the challenges he has faced, he moves on with an amazing courage. I can definitively recommend this book to both adults and children (11 years +) as it makes you reflect a lot and it’s a very deep novel. I would also love to read another book by Michelle Magorian because she is a very good writer.

Effects of Mercury Contaminated Fish on Consumer’s Health Essay

Mercury is an element that comes naturally in nature, or manufactured by humans.   It comes in different forms.   According to the New Jersey Department of Health, mercury may be found as metallic mercury, a kind of silver-gray liquid that is harmful when exposed into the air and breathed in; methylmercury, which may be ingested by eating fish; inorganic mercury which can be found in over-the-counter drugs, batteries, and other pharmaceuticals, and is harmful when breathed in or swallowed; and phenylmercury in household products like paints, cosmetics   and toiletries and is harmful when breathed in, swallowed or passed through the skin (Kapsch, et. al, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This paper delves into the mercury and its harmful effects on the fish population and ultimately, adverse effects on   human health. Mercury in the Environment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As noted above, mercury is found naturally in the environment.  Ã‚   Paul Kapsch, Matt Landi and Sarah Scwartz writes that natural incidents and accidents like forest fires and volcanic eruptions spew mercury into the air (1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Natural Resource Defense Council adds that   power plants and certain chemicals manufacturers, as well as other industrial facilities release mercury into the air through their daily operations.   The released mercury eventually ends up in the waterways and oceans.   Fish in these ecosystems ingest the mercury, which people, in turn ingest by eating the fish. (NRDC, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mercury is also present in many things that one has at home like fluorescent and neon lamps, mercury switches in chest freezes, thermostat probes, thermometers, barometers and other gauges, laboratory solutions and even dental amalgam (Kapsch, et. al, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Paul Kapsch and his partners outlined the environmental impact of mercury.   Citing ExtoxNet (1999), Kapsch, et. al, stated that while mercury enters the environment, concentrations in the air and atmosphere is generally very low.   Mercury, however, is deposited into forest ecosystems where it accumulates in highly toxic forms.   Eventually it leads up to aquatic ecosystems, which in some cases contribute to human health problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Natural Resource Defense Council added that when mercury enters into the various water systems, bacteria take it in and convert it into a type of methyl mercury, which is easily absorbed by humans (1999).   The NRDC also explained that the mercury then â€Å"works it way up the food chain† as larger fish eat smaller contaminated fish.   Mercury, however, does not break down.   Instead it accumulates in fish (1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To illustrate the point, the NRDC stated that predatory fishes like sharks and mackerel have been found to have 10,000 times higher mercury concentration (1999). How Mercury Enters the Body   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mercury can enter the body by breathing it in, swallowing or eating contaminated food, drinking contaminated water , or through the skin (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2008).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consumption of contaminated fish, however, is one of the most dangerous way of getting mercury in the body since it involves methylmercury, which is easily absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract into a person’s bloodstream (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2008).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 2003, Dr. Jane Hightower, doctor of internal medicine at the California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco, found that 89% of participating patients had high mercury levels.   Most of these participants had as much as four times the safe level of mercury in their blood stream.   Participants in Dr. Hightower’s study were chosen precisely because of their fish-heavy diets. (NRDC, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Once in the bloodstream, the mercury goes into various parts of the body.   Methylmercury in pregnant women gets passed on into the child’s blood stream and then into the child’s brain.   A nursing mother may pass the methylmercury through breast milk. (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2008). Health Risks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The NRDC says that mercury exposure can be particularly hazardous for pregnant women and small children.  Ã‚   The NRDC adds that mercury exposure can lead to cerebral palsy, mental retardation, blindness and deafness in infants and fetuses.   Even with a minimal exposure, the child may be delayed in learning how to walk and talk, have low attention span and may later on develop learning disabilities   (NRDC, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And the numbers are alarming.   In July 2005, researchers at the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that 1 in 17 women of childbearing age have more than 5.8 micrograms of mercury per liter of blood.   The CDC stated that this level may pose a risk to the developing child (NRDC, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mercury-contaminated fish is not just dangerous for children and pregnant women but it is also dangerous for adults (Mercola.Com, 2003).   Mercola.Com related that mercury destroys the nerve tissues, the visual cortex and the cerebellum.   It affects complex movements and balance.   It also leads to problems in attention span and language.   It also decreases concentration, deftness and verbal memory in adults.   (Mercola.Com, 2003).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For some adults, mercury poisoning can lead to fertility problems and blood pressure regulation problems.   It also causes memory loss, vision loss, numbness in the fingers and toes, and tremors.   It is suspected that mercury exposure also leads to heart disease (NRDC, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry warned that the nervous system is prone to mercury contamination.   The Agency said that in this type of mercury poisoning, some people who consumed seed grains and fish contaminated with large amounts of methyl mercury developed severe brain and kidneys damage.  Ã‚   The Agency explains that mercury accumulates in the kidneys, so it damages it more.   (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2008).   * * *   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The above discussion shows that consumption of mercury contaminated fish is very dangerous for consumer’s health, and is a source of different diseases especially in   (but not limited to) children and pregnant women. Studies have concluded that mercury poisoning have caused several conditions and diseases from simple memory loss, loss of concentration, fertility problems to something as grave and irreparable as mental retardation and kidney ailments.   And studies on the relationship between mercury and other, more life-threatening diseases like heart ailments are currently underway.   The growing body of evidence all points to some disease that can be traced to mercury poisoning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consumers have to actively control their fish diets.   If they are fond of eating fish, they might find it useful to regularly check and look for advisories regarding mercury contamination in their area.   It is also recommended that they regularly check their own mercury levels and if they found their mercury levels higher they have to consult with their doctors immediately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since mercury poisoning is more dangerous to pregnant women and small children, it might be best to veer away from eating fish altogether, and take up healthier choices such as vegetables and dairy products.   Being more vigilant with regards to one’s diet can reap long-term prevention that would help ensure optimum health.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Authorities need to take much stronger steps to protect a far greater portion of people.   Authorities must examine their antiquated safeguards designed to protect an average person   from an average amount of methyl mercury in fish and take more protective and realistic actions against exposure to methyl mercury through food. Authorities need to constantly update themselves, as â€Å"safe levels† of mercury in the diet are constantly changing.   In fact, the trend is that the required safe levels are getting higher with each new research that goes out of the pipeline.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Public health authorities, as well as community leaders, or any health-related organization, must come together to inform, educate and empower the public about the dangers of fish consumption, mercury contamination, and adverse health effects.   Information is the best weapon against mercury contamination, without it, no amount of public policy will be sufficient or effective.   The public needs to be aware of what mercury does to the body, the diseases associated with it, where mercury could be found, how it gets into your body, what measures are to be done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   More than anything, it is high time to look at more efficient ways of disposing all types of mercury.   Since mercury could be found in nature, it will be next to impossible to eradicate it.   What one could hope for is to reduce environmental damage from the mercury that we can control.   If people could somehow take care and reduce the amount of mercury that goes into the environment as waste, people would be protecting not only the oceans and the fish, but also themselves.   Taking care of the environment would ensure sustainability in the future and would drastically decrease mercury–and in fact and principle–all types of contamination.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In effect, stopping or greatly reducing mercury contamination and all the ill effects associated with it takes the effort of everybody in the community, but it starts mainly with your self.          References Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (Content source); Sidney Draggan and Emily Monosson (Topic Editors). 2008. â€Å"Public Health Statement for Mercury.† In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth November 13, 2007; Last revised January 24, 2008; Retrieved April 2, 2008]. Jeremy Laurence, (8 March, 2007) Fish Contaminated With Mercury ‘Pose Worldwide Threat to Health. The Independent.   Retrieved on 3 April 2008. Kapsch, Paul, Landi, Matt and Schwartz Sarah. (1999). Mercury. University of Vermont. Retrieved on 3 April 2008. Learn About Mercury and Its Effects, (2006) Natural Resource Defense Council. Retrieved on 23rd March 2008. Mercury-Contaminated Fish Poses Health Risks to Adults, (2003) Mercola.com. Retrieved on 25th March, 2008.      

Catholic Church’s responses to Nazi antisemitism

Antisemitism refers to hatred or prejudice towards the Jews. The Nazi antisemitism started in 1933 and ended in 1945 marking a period of persecution and murder of Jews in Europe by the Nazis in Germany under Hitler's ruling regime (Poliakov, 8). Background information. Hatred against the Jews was prevalent in the modern era especially in the 19th and 20th century. This led to the origin of the word antisemitism which refers to the pogroms, violence and riots propelled by governments against the Jews (Falk, 10). Pogroms and violence against the Jews were initially instigated by false beliefs that the Jews were using blood from Christian children for their religious rituals. In the 19th century, the prejudice against the Jews intensified with the formation of antisemitic political parties in Germany, Austria and France. This marked the beginning of an international conspiracy against the Jews with the component of nationalism which treated Jews as disloyal and illegal citizens. In the late 19th century, a political party named as Voelkisch movement which comprised mainly of German philosophers promoted the notion that Jews were not a part of the Germandom. Eugenic theories based on racial anthropology helped to support this notion and from this pseudoscientific ideas, the Nazi party was founded in 1919. The Nazi party which was headed by Adolf Hitler helped to promote theories of racism and hatred towards the Jews which called for their removal out of Germany. In 1933, the Nazi party was elected to power and it immediately ordered for economic boycotts against the Jews with the introduction of anti-Jewish laws. In the beginning of 1935, the anti-Jewish laws called for a total separation between the Jews and the rest of the citizens thereby legalizing a hierarchy based purely on racism. In November 1938, antisemitic groups embarked on a mission to destroyed synagogues and business establishments owned by the Jews in Germany and Austria in what is now known as the Kristallnacht. This marked the beginning of an era of destruction and mass killing for the Jews. This period is known as Nazi antisemitism and it led to a holocaust which killed millions of Jews and destroyed many more (Learner, 128-134). The catholic church has in the past faced many rows over claims that it supported Hitler and the Nazis in the racial discrimination against the Jews (Doyle, 120). However, the Roman catholic has strongly denied these claims and in fact, it highly opposed such acts of hatred against the Jews. Though the church has admitted of having failed to do its best to end the war, it has evidently affirmed its opposing stand against Hitler's regime and acts of antisemitism. This paper seeks to establish the response of the catholic church towards the Nazi antisemitism. Biblical views on antisemitism. The bible and particularly the New Testament has been singled out as having strong hostility and antagonism towards the Jews. The Gospel of John has many antisemitic phrases and episodes which refer to the Jews in a derogatory way. In John 8: 37-40 is one such phrase where Jesus was speaking to the Pharisees of how the Jews were planning to persecute Him since they did not believe in what He spoke to them about God. The book of 1 Thessalonian 2:13-15 speaks of how Churches in Judea were suffering under the hands of those people people who persecuted Jesus. It also talks about how such acts by the Jews were displeasing to God and Christians. The New Testament also adds that while on trial, a Jewish guard struck Jesus on the face for uttering ill words against the Jewish high priest (John 18: 20). Moreover, the death of Jesus preceded by brutal mockery (Matt 27: 24-39) has been entirely blamed on the Jews who mocked and persecuted Him in life and on the cross. Some theology scholars have speculated that the unnamed people who mocked Jesus while on the cross were actually Jews and they have added that though Romans were the lead executors of the prosecution and crucification of Jesus, the Jews also played a great role in the events which led to His death. The chronological events which led to the death of Jesus as stated in the New Testament led to the anti-Judaism perception held by most Christians. After the death of Jesus, the New Testament indicates that the Jewish leaders living in Jerusalem became hostile towards the followers of Jesus forcing them to stop preaching the gospel or die. Stephen who was on of the Jesus disciples was stoned to death by the Jews for going against the Jewish laws and preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ. In Acts 7: 51-58 just before his persecution, Stephen spoke to the Jews in an antisemitic way referring to them as â€Å"stiff necked, uncircumcised and opposers of the Holy Spirit. † All this instances show how the New Testament which was primarily written by the Jews who became Jesus followers contains many antisemitic passages which led to an anti-Judaism perception in the early Christian churches. The Roman Catholic Church which is one of the early churches had also had the anti-Judaism belief which has led to its association with antisemitic acts in the Nazi antisemitism. Catholic church and Nazi antisemitism. Throughout the 19th and the 20th century, the Roman Catholic Church still held on strongly to many antisemitic beliefs and the notion that the Jews led to the death of Jesus as indicated in the New Testament despite efforts to distinguish between anti-Judaism and racially instigated antisemitism. However in the early 20th century, the Catholic church made a clear distinction between good and bad antisemitism to all its followers. According to Kertzer (pp. 2-25), the bad type of antisemitism was unchristian as it advocated for hatred and racial bias against the Jews due to their background while the good type of antisemitism only served to criticize the Jewish conspiracies which sought to control all sectors of the economy in Germany for selfish wealth accumulation. At this time, many catholic bishops wrote articles criticizing such acts but when accused of being antisemitic, the bishops argued that they were strongly against any acts of hatred o r destruction plotted against the Jews. The church's response to Nazi antisemitism. Catholic church and the Christian community as a whole strongly despised the Nazi antisemitism. Kain in his popular book entitled Europe: Versailles to War-saw explains that the Nazis acts towards the Jews greatly offended Christians and led to protests by German army chaplains to Hitler in 1937 warning him of a future war in Germany due to his ungodly acts. The opposition by the catholic church response towards the Nazi antisemitism was quite straight-forward and emphatic. Catholic clergy was one of the first people who stood firmly to declare opposition towards the Nazis despite threats of persecution. Several Christians also stood firmly to oppose the Nazi antisemitism. For instance, Stauffenberg who was a devout catholic plotted Hitler's assassination in 1944 to depict his strong faith and opposition against the Jews' persecutions and killings. Stauffenberg was later killed by the Nazis after the attempts to assassinate Hitler failed. The catholic church believes on the Christian view of man made in the image and likeness of God and for this reason, every human being deserves enormous dignity regardless of race, state or background. According to Macrobio a professor at the Regina Pontifical University, Pope Pius XIII who was the leader of the Roman Catholic Church during the period of Nazi antisemitism was strongly opposed to the antisemitism and eugenic theories imposed against the Jews. A decree released by the Holy office in December 1940 by the Pope clearly condemned the killings and the racial laws put forward by Hitler and the Nazi party against the Jews. The decree stated that such killings were wrong and ungodly since they went against the natural law and all the divine precepts as defined by the Holy Bible. Throughout the war, Pius XII kept on pleading privately for a stop on the continued killings on behalf of the Jews and even after the war, he still condemned the Nazi antisemitism. In 1946 when speaking to a group of delegates in Palestine, the Pope affirmed the Church's stand on its opposition towards the persecutions carried out by Hitler and the Nazis against the Jews with no apologies. Why the church opposed Nazi antisemitism and eugenic theories. Eugenic theories are aimed at imposing discrimination to a certain group of people. For the catholic church, all men are equal in the eyes of God since humanity is not defined by neither external capabilities such as beauty nor internal characteristics such as knowledge. Every one be it a saint or a sinner is believed to be a son of God and only the father can judge whom to punish for their sins and whom to bless. Due to this fact, its wrong for the church to support the eugenic theories and antisemitic acts which seem to favor some individuals or racial groups over others. The catholic church further believes that discrimination of any kind is ungodly and unlawful regardless of whether it occurs in form of verbal racism or holocaust as in the case of the Nazi antisemitism as long as it threatens man's dignity and the church has an ultimate responsibility to oppose it by all means. Conclusion. The Pope's reactions towards the holocaust were quite complex but one clear indication is that the catholic church was against these antisemitism acts and it strongly condemned them (Schoenberg, 2). At times the Pope acted privately with attempts to help the Jews in their escapes out of Germany and he succeeded but on most occasions, the church just chose to remain quiet on issues surrounding the war with the aim of appealing neutral. The reason which might have led to continued silence by the Pope and the catholic church during the holocaust has been attributed to fear of Nazi reprisals, the notion that public speech would have had no significant effect on the war or the feeling that such speeches were likely to harm the Jews more. However, sources have shown that though the church did not directly support Nazi antisemitism, catholic anti-Judaism played a great role in fostering this hatred against the Jews. The false assumptions that most of the Nazis who participated in the killings and destruction of the Jews were Christians are unfounded and have no empirical evidence to support them. In conclusion, it can be said that the catholic church was strongly against the Nazi antisemitism but just like all other positions of power, there is still more that the church could have done to stop this war against the Jews.

Attracting and Retaining the Best Employees

How many of each type of therapist will the company need? Can not estimate the amount of staffing needed to staff the therapist do to patients needs, without number of patients. b. How will it prevent therapists from â€Å"burning out†? Cross training per therapists unlikely to be burnout since they are floating among the five nursing homes. c. How can it retain experienced staff and still limit costs? Job analysis Job description Job specification Recruiting Degree Employee training By offering the employee benefit package will still limit company cost d.Are promotions available for any of the staff? What is the career ladder? Performance appraisal or evaluation is used to provide employee with performance feedback, to serve as a basis for distributing reward. e. How will the company manage therapists at five different locations? How will it keep in touch them (computer, voice mail, monthly meetings)? Would it make more sense to have therapists work permanently at each locati on rather than rotate among them? They will keep it touch by iphone, computer e-mail, text messaging, morning appointments assignments. No, it will be more cost affected for the patients needed. . How will the company justify the travel costs? What other expenses might it expect? By filled out a traveling expense report employee will be reimbursement at the rate of . 27 cent a mile dependant on appointment schedule. It will consist of the following; Date Patient name Arrival time Department time Mileage Using company vehicle has the expense of repair and maintenance. 2. Prepare a plan for the New Therapy Company to present to the nursing homes. Human Resource Planning – Forecasting the human resources that a firm will need and those that it will have available for the action to match supply and demand.Job analysis – determining the exact nature of the positions Recruiting – attracting people the apply for position Selection – Choosing and hiring the most qualified applicants Orientation – acquainting new employees with the firm Compensation – rewarding employee effort through monetary payment Benefits – providing rewards to ensure employee well-being Training Development – teaching employee new skills, new jobs, and more effective ways of doing their present jobs Performance Appraisal – assessing employees’ current and potential performance levels

Black Market Activities And Corruption In Pakistan Politics Essay

Black Market Activities And Corruption In Pakistan Politics Essay The relationship of corruption and Governance is integrated from a long time back. In case of Pakistan, the root of the relationship runs back since the Independence Day. Corruption as an attribute in the system in the sub-continent, has affected the level of Governance to the extent of creating extremities of positive and negative. Governance which measures the effectiveness of institutions in a society has only been a theoretical concept in case of Pakistan. Several factors that lead to the level of corruption to reach where it is now are ignored conveniently and the direct effect is on the masses. A number of activities are performed below the radar in Pakistan and are reported to as the â€Å"black market activities†. They are referred so as because of their capability to deceive the purposeful boundaries of the system present, which holds them liable to the tax structure of the country. The case is not a new one for the world, let alone for Pakistan, and this is a common practice in the country. All these activities are concealed from the authorities with regard to the tax structure in Pakistan, and are thus reported as the under-ground economy in macro terms. This is a consequence of a complex tax system, frequent cash transactions in terms of construction, smuggling etc. and that of a negative public perception. Pakistan has experienced a relatively below par appreciation when it comes to the structure of the taxing system present, and the flexibility in it. Unemployment and recessionary trend also contribute towards a most common phenomenon as part of black activities known as â€Å"tax evasion†. This concept has given birth to corruption on a wide scale. Tax evasion is when one skips the underlying rules of the system and is not officially recorded in the tax net. Some sectors of the economy in Pakistan have been exempted from taxes right from the independence till date, and hence they are also recorded as the underground economy. The ot hers, who happen to be the industrialists in some cases, have taken refuge under the same exemption by reporting their income either as under the exempted sectors or by understatement altogether. This has given rise to corruption not only by these means, but also by persistently supporting and influencing the policy making process so that loop holes remain to be exploited. The theoretical side of this aspect has confirmed that the persistent non-compliance towards tax laws have allowed a major portion of the economy to remain below the radar so that they can skip the measurement as per the economy’s activities. The graph relates to the overall black economy as a percentage of GDP and then tax evasion as part of the GDP Source: Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad (PIDE Research series) The increasing trend in the black market activities from as early as year 1974 till the start of the 21st century is in line with the theory and also points out towards the fa ct that in Pakistan, the complex and flawed policies to account for a major chunk of the economy have decreased on standards year by year. The tax evasion figures also shed light upon the loop holes of the tax policy

THE ANALYZING AND INTERPRETATION OF MOVIES Essay

THE ANALYZING AND INTERPRETATION OF MOVIES - Essay Example Analyzing a movie is especially essential in writing a carefully planned review of it. Furthermore, the pleasure of analyzing a work of an expert and well-known moviemaker can help you take pleasure in a film to a different level on the whole. It’s all a matter of perception. Opportunely or inopportunely, skilled moviemakers do not frequently share the perception of the viewers. Hence, it is important that one appreciates the essence of another’s point of view. There are numerous things about a film which can be analyzed and interpreted to obtain the best idea about what a movie is all about. Movies can be analyzed and interpreted in innumerable ways, and each is acceptable. This essay will discuss what essentially has to be done. Suppose you were asked to write a film analysis for a local newspaper or as university homework. Even if you are a certified movie buff, you do not know anything about doing a film analysis and hence it may appear to be a difficult assignment. Nevertheless, making a movie analysis is not that hard as some people believe. Aside from proficiency in the English language, what a movie analyst needs is some fundamental knowledge about how to construct a film analysis (Rutsky & Geiger, 2005). First, it is important to conduct research work. Prior to watching the movie, it is especially vital to carry out research work (Rutsky & Geiger, 2005). Try to make sense of the movie’s context, such as the underlying plot, the main characters, filmmaker, script writer, and others. Try to determine if the story is a true or original story, sequel of another film, or adaptation of a work of fiction. Movie analyst should also explore earlier works of the actors and the filmmaker (Nelmes, 2003). This aids in identifying the meaning or content of the movie. Second step is watching the movie. In order to make an accurate

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Project - Assignment Example I want to become the next Conrad Nicholson Hilton. Although there are already many hotel companies which are doing quite successfully these days, I believe I can be in the competition and come out successful in the end as Hilton did during the great depression. I am confident that project management will prepare me for the humungous task before me. I know that this course will develop my planning skills which are very important for efficiency in the things that I need to do in the business. Planning is necessary in determining the crucial actions and to avoid frivolous ideas. Moreover, my organizational skills will also be reinforced as I study about theories and their applications which may have been successfully practiced by earlier businessmen or which could be developed even further to adapt to the changing demands of the modern world. Lastly, I believe this course will teach me to be wise in making decisions so that I will avoid common mistakes in doing business and will develop better ways to

How do the teachings of Buddhism and Christianity match up Where are Research Paper

How do the teachings of Buddhism and Christianity match up Where are they similar and where do they differ - Research Paper Example Buddhism is geographically restricted to Asia only, while Christianity is prevalent throughout the world. This paper would discuss certain similarities and differences found between the two. Similarities and differences There are many notable aspects of Buddhism that are similar to the Catholic faith and its traditions. The Five Moral Precepts of Buddhism, for example, compare closely to the Ten Commandments which have set out law for centuries: for Jews in the time of Moses, then later for disciples of Christ, and even for Christians today. The Five Moral Precepts include the refraining of murder, thievery, sexual misconduct, lying, and the consumption of intoxicants. Similarly, the Ten Commandments call for abstention of killing, stealing, adultery, as well as dishonesty. Although the Ten Commandments consist of more than these immoral actions, these aspects of Christianity and Buddhism were designed based on similar beliefs. The main book of rules or official set of regulations fo r Christianity is the bible, which has two parts, the New Testament and the Old Testament. Christ came to this world when Siddhartha Gotama was 29. He was born into a wealthy family and realized that only wealth could not fulfill his inner being so he started studying religion. At age 80 he died in happiness knowing he had created a new religion that has influenced the world. Buddha as he was named alter in his life took all the true and pure parts of all religions and put them together into a religion that was almost perfect in his eyes. The similarities between these two religions of the world are great. Both the religions are monotheistic and affirm that after death only those people shall gain the eternal salvation of heaven that adhered to the rules or commandments in this world. Both of these religions also praise, or in Buddhism's case, respect their messiah and ask for eternal salvation from their god. Buddhism is based on the beliefs of Buddha who was raised as a rich child who didn't know what pain, sickness, age, and death were until he demanded his father to allow him to exit the palace and view the town. When he went he saw an old man and asked his father what was wrong and only then did Buddha figure out that there are bad things in our world. At the end of his visit he saw a monk with an ancient, calm look upon his face that Buddha soon would have. After this incident his father exposed him to the world in every way and Buddha started studying religion. At first he was just interested in why people needed it but the more he studied it the more attached he became to it. He and his five followers did this in an effort to receive the answer of what is the only way to receive the ability to pass to heaven. After the incident under the tree word spread and through good deeds of other individuals he obtained a temple and many followers some of which were women. At the age of 35 he became a religious leader in Northeast India and for the next 45 years he taught Buddhism. Rites and Rituals In Christian community, Baptism takes place at a young age. Most infants taking place in Baptism are only a few months old. Baptism is all about welcoming a new member to the Christian community and letting them live the way Jesus lived his life. The ceremony of Baptism takes place in 6 parts. The parents and the selected godparents of the child are asked what their intentions are. Prayers are made and a couple